Current Research: Optical Solitons


Optical Solitons and Vortices


Solitary waves, commonly referred to as solitons, have been the subject of intense theoretical and experimental studies in many different fields, including hydrodynamics, nonlinear optics, plasma physics, and biology. In the context of nonlinear optics, solitons are classified as being either temporal or spatial, depending on whether the confinement of light occurs in time or space. Temporal solitons represent optical pulses that maintain their shape, whereas spatial solitons represent self-guided beams that remain confined in the transverse directions orthogonal to the direction of propagation. Both types of solitons evolve from a nonlinear change in the refractive index of an optical material induced by the light intensity, a phenomenon known as the optical Kerr effect. A spatial soliton is formed when self-focusing of an optical beam balances its natural diffraction-induced spreading. In contrast, it is the self-phase modulation that counteracts the natural dispersion-induced broadening of an optical pulse and leads to formation of a temporal solitons.


We are also ineterested in the self-similar behavior of nonlinear waves. In this case, the beam profile (or pulse shape) evolves in a fashion such that its width and phase change but the shape remains the same. In a recent PRL, we presented exact analytical solutions describing spatial bright and dark self-similar solitons inside graded-index waveguide amplifiers. We are now investigating the possibility of nonlinear imaging of optical and matter-wave vortices in nonlinear media. Figure above shows how such a vortex fiorst contacts in size, becomes self-imaged at a certain distance before expanding rapidly.

Recent Publications
  • S. A. Ponomarenko and G. P. Agrawal, "Asymmetric incoherent vector solitons," Phys. Rev. E 69, 036604 (2004).

  • S. A. Ponomarenko, N. M. Litchinitser and G. P. Agrawal, "Theory of incoherent optical solitons: Beyond the mean-field approximation" Phys. Rev. E 70, 015603 (2004).

  • S. A. Ponomarenko and G. P. Agrawal, "Linear optical bullets" Opt. Commun. 261, 1-4 (2006).

  • S. A. Ponomarenko and G. P. Agrawal, "Do spatial soliton-like self-similar waves exist in nonlinear optical media?" Phys. Rev. Letts. 97, 013901 (2006).


© Copyright 2009 G. P. Agrawal. All rights reserved. (Last Updated 3/2/2009)