GRIN References

These are some references to papers on GRIN research that have been useful to the members of this research group. Hopefully, these will help you in your study of GRIN Optics. Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and the appearance of any paper does not imply endorsement for its authors by the Institute of Optics.

GRIN Optics Review

B. Saleh and M. Teich, "Fundamentals of Photonics," (Wiley, New York, 1991), pp. 18-26.

Selected Papers on Gradient-Index Optics, Duncan T. Moore, ed. SPIE Milestone Series, vol. MS 67 (1993).

D. T. Moore, "Gradient-index optics: a review", Applied Optics, vol.19, no. 7, 1 April 1980, 1035-1038

A. Sharma et al., "Tracing rays through graded-index media: a new method," Applied Optics 21, pp. 984-987 (1982).

A. Sharma, "Computing optical path length in gradient-index: a fast and accurate method," Applied Optics 24, pp. 4367-4370 (1985).

E. W. Marchand, Gradient Index Optics Academic Press, New York, p. 89 (1978).

Tolerance Analysis

Examples of GRINs with tolerances

E. Atad, "Optical design of a gradient-index biocular," Applied Optics 24, pp. 4297-4299 (1985).

H. Nishi et al., "Gradient-index objective lens for the compact disk system," Applied Optics 25, pp. 3340-3344 (1986).

P. O. McLaughlin et al, "Design of a gradient index binocular objective," International Lens Design Conference (SPIE, 1980), vol. 237, pp. 369-379.

L. G. Atkinson and e. al, "Design of a gradient-index photographic objective," Applied Optics 21, pp. 993-998 (1982).

D. T. Moore, "Design of single element gradient-index collimator," JOSA 67, pp. 1137-1143 (1977).

N. M. Renaud and D. T. Moore, "Design and tolerancing of aspherical and gradient-index germanium singlets of equal performance," Appl. Opt. 29, pp. 4030-4035 (1990).

R. N. Pfisterer, "Design of a 35-mm photographic objective using axial GRIN materials," Current Developments in Optical Design & Optical Engineering III, (SPIE, 1993), vol. 2000, pp. 359-368.

Optical Tolerances

Selected Papers on Optical Tolerancing, Gary E. Wiese, ed. SPIE Milestone Series, vol. MS 36 (1991).

Theory

H. H. Hopkins, "The aberration permissible in optical systems," Proceedings of the Physical Society (London) B 70, pp. 449-470 (1957).

H. H. Hopkins and H. J. Tiziani, "A theoretical and experimental study of lens centring errors and their influence on optical image quality," British Journal of Applied Physics 17, pp. 33-54;235 (1966).

M. P. Rimmer, "Analysis of perturbed lens systems," Appl. Opt. 9, pp. 533-537 (1970).

D. G. Koch, "A statistical approach to lens tolerancing," Computer-Aided Optical Design (SPIE, 1978), vol. 147, pp. 71-82.

M. P. Rimmer, "A tolerancing procedure based on modulation transfer function (MTF)," Computer-Aided Optical Design (SPIE, 1978), vol. 147, pp. 66-70.

G. Pinto, "Nonstatistical method to evaluate tolerances of an optical system," 1980 International Lens Design Conference (SPIE, 1980), vol. 237, pp. 434-438.

D. E. Oinen and N. W. Billow, "A new approach to the simulation of optical manufacturing processes," International Lens Design Conference (SPIE, 1990), vol. 1354, pp. 487-493.

Manufacturing

J. L. Plummer, "Tolerancing for economies in mass production of optics," Contemporary Optical Systems & Components Specifications (SPIE, 1979), vol. 181, pp. 90-92.

R. E. Parks, "Optical component specifications," International Lens Design Conference (SPIE, 1980), vol. 237, pp. 455-463.

R. E. Fischer, "Optimization of lens designer to manufacturer communications," Proc. SPIE 1354, pp. 506-522 (1990).

Polymer GRIN Optics

Leo R. Gardner, "Studies in Gradient Index Polymer Materials", 1989, Ph.D. Thesis, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester

Y. Ohtsuka and Y. Koike, "Studies on the light-focusing plastic rod. 18: Control of refractive-index distribution of plastic radial gradient-index rod by photocopolymerization", Applied Optics, Vol 24, No. 24, 15 Dec. 1985, pp. 4316-4320

Y. Koike, et. al., "Plastic axial gradient-index lens", Applied Optics, Vol 24, No. 24, 15 Dec. 1985, pp. 4321-4325

S. P. Wu, et. al., "The large dimensional radial GRIN polymer", Polymer Journal, Vol 27, No. 1, pp. 21-25

Y. Ohtsuka, et. al., "Studies on the light-focusing plastic rod. 10:A light-focusing plastic fiber of methyl methacrylate-vinyl benzoate copolymer.", Applied Optics, Vol 20, No. 15, 1 Aug. 1981, pp. 2726-2730

S. Eguchi, et. al., " Selective formation of gradient-index profiles inside a planar polymer substrate by a lithographic technique", Applied Optics, vol.33, no.34, pp. 8078-86, 1 Dec. 1994

C. Darraud, et. al., "Optical modifications of polymers by ion beam irradiation", Polymer, vol.35, no.11, pp. 2447-51, May 1994

Index Profile Shape Control

Birefringence in GRIN Optics

A. Brandenburg, "Stress in ion-exchanged glass waveguides," J. Lightwave Technol. LT-4, 1580-1593 (1986).

C. De Bernardi et al., "Effects of potassium concentration and induced stress on the refractive index profile of K+-Na+ ion-exchanged glass waveguides," J. Mod. Optics 35, 907-917 (1988).

C. De Bernardi, S. Morasca, K. Scarano, A. Carnera, and M. Morra, "Compositional and stress-optical effects in glass waveguides: comparison between K-Na and Ag-Na ion exchange," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 119, 195-204 (1990).

F. Gonella and A. Quaranta, "Stress-induced birefringence in silver-diffused glass waveguides," J. Mod. Optics 39, 1401-1405 (1992).

P. O. McLaughlin and D. T. Moore, "Models for the thermal expansion coefficient and temperature coefficient of the refractive index in gradient-index glass,: Appl. Opt. 24, 4334-4341 (1985).

G. W. Scherer, "Stress-induced index profile distortion in optical waveguides," Appl. Opt. 19, 2000-2006 (1980).

W. Urbanczyk, K. Pietraszkiewicz, and W. A. Wozniak, "Novel bifunctional systems for measuring the refractive index profile and residual stress birefringence in optical fibers and preforms," Opt. Engineering 31, 491-499 (1992).

W. A. Wozniak, "Residual birefringence in the gradient-index lenses," Optica Applicata 19, 429-437 (1989).

J. Albert and G. L. Yip, "Stress-Induced index change for K+-Na+ ion exchange in glass," Electron. Lett. 23, 737-738 (1987).

GRIN Imaging Rods